Problem | Potential Solution |
rain bloated grapes, high yields | saignée, longer fermentation maceration |
insufficient colour | cold soaking, saignée, pressing at Brix 0 |
under ripe grape(s) (seeds) | délestage and removal of seeds |
lack of berry character | cooler fermentation, carbonic maceration, use of whole clusters, reduce stem content |
rough tannins | délestage, extended maceration, reduce stem content |
rough tannic edges (at maturation) | protein (egg white) fining |
lack of body | more tannic extraction (at fermentation), sur lie ageing, chaptalisation (for more alcohol) |
unintegrated oak | barrel fermentation |
protein deposit/haze | bentonite fining |